Pancreatitis is a serious disease of the pancreas characterized by a violation of the production of digestive enzymes. The main symptoms of the disease are pain after eating in the left or right hypochondrium, heartburn, nausea, vomiting and stomach discomfort.
Strict adherence to dietary guidelines is the key to treating pancreatitis. After all, the development of the disease often occurs due to a wrong lifestyle, the use of alcohol and "junk" food in large quantities.Diet for pancreatitis helps patients reduce pain during an exacerbation of the disease and add a stage of remission. In acute and chronic pancreatitis, nutrition is different, but it still has some similarities. Let's talk about them.
General nutritional rules for pancreatitis
The main requirement of the diet is to increase the amount of protein consumed and reduce fats and carbohydrates in the main diet (if possible, they should be eliminated completely). In particular, you should give up the consumption of granulated sugar because it is 99% carbohydrate.
Fatty, high-fiber meals should disappear completely from the lives of patients with pancreatitis. After all, they exert a strong load on the pancreas, which results in the body starting to produce very large amounts of digestive enzymes, which is dangerous in this disease and can lead to serious complications.
Doctors recommend that all patients with pancreatitis take vitamin complexes that help replenish the body's lack of vitamins and minerals, often due to limited nutrition.
Meals should be planned at the same time.
Eat 5-6 times in small portions a day to avoid excessive stress on the pancreas and overeating.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis usually manifests itself as a sudden sharp pain in the abdomen. The pain is unbearable and therefore forces a person to call an emergency ambulance. The diet for acute pancreatitis before the arrival of the doctor is "zero". In no case should you eat food. Neither "light" nor "heavy".
Before the doctor arrives, it is allowed to take non-carbonated mineral water, but not more than 3 glasses. And it is only allowed to drink them if the urination process is normal.
Treatment of acute pancreatitis occurs only in hospitals. For the first two days, the patient is prescribed fasting. Only now is it allowed to drink rosehip broth along with mineral water. The total fluid consumed should not exceed 5 glasses per day.
On the third day of treatment, the patient is allowed to eat fresh, low-calorie foods that do not contain substances that cause irritation of the pancreas and increase the secretion produced.
After the main symptoms subside, the diet for pancreatic pancreatitis continues for one to two months. During this period, you must completely abandon:
- fried and fatty foods;
- buns and pastries;
- pickles and smoked food
- pickles and canned food
- spicy and sweet;
- onions and garlic;
- alcoholic beverages;
- fatty meats and fish;
- sausages.
All foods must be heat treated. They must be boiled in water or steamed. Do not use oil, salt and spices during cooking.
The patient should only eat hot and grated food. Before going to bed, it is recommended to use laxative fermented milk products - kefir, fermented baked milk.
Duration of the diet 6 to 12 months. And it is on how a person will adhere to it that his health in the future depends. In case of neglect of all nutritional recommendations, the disease can take a chronic form and then the patient is treated throughout his life.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis in remission
The chronic pancreatitis diet is slightly different from the above diet. In this case, the patient's diet is significantly expanded, but only in the remission phase. During a deterioration, the diet is of a completely different nature, but about that a little later.
In chronic pancreatitis, consumption of proteins is allowed, which should practically exceed a person's daily intake, and also the use of carbohydrates (sugar, honey, baked goods, baked goods, etc. ) is allowed.
Foods that irritate the pancreas (hot spices, large amounts of salt, alcohol, etc. ) are the limitation.
The patient's nutrition should also be a fraction. The number of meals is 4 to 6 times. The food served must be hot. You do not need to grind food before taking it.
Meat and fish products should not contain much fat, otherwise it can lead to liver degeneration, which often occurs in chronic pancreatitis. Cottage cheese contains many useful substances and should therefore simply be present in the patient's diet. However, you can only eat homemade cottage cheese, but not very fatty. Store cottage cheese is forbidden to eat.
If a person can not refuse bread, it is recommended that he eat either yesterday's cakes or biscuits (only from gray or black bread) during meals. You can also eat baked goods and baked goods, but in limited quantities (maximum one serving a day).
In case of pancreatitis, it is not advisable to drink pure milk as it is poorly digested. It can be added to tea or made into grains and soups. Even if the patient tolerates milk well, it should not be drunk in large quantities. The maximum dose is 200 ml.
Fermented milk products are very useful for people with chronic pancreatitis. Even cheese, which at other stages of the disease is on the list of forbidden foods, can be consumed in remission, but not in large quantities, provided you are well. The cheese should not be very salty or greasy.
Eggs cannot be eaten whole. Only egg whites can be present in the patient's diet. It can be used to steam omelets or add them to soups.
The patient's diet should not contain much fat (maximum 70 g per day). In addition, most of them must consist of vegetable fats. They are better digested and do not strain the pancreas.
Diet for chronic pancreatitis during exacerbation
The diet for pancreatic pancreatitis during an exacerbation is the same as for an acute form of the disease. The patient is prescribed fasting, and in case of a positive dynamic, he is allowed to eat fresh and low-fat food in small amounts.
If there is no deterioration in health, the patient's menu is gradually expanded. After 2-3 months, the person can eat in the same way as in the remission phase.
Remember, this is just a rough diet for pancreatitis. A complete list of permitted and prohibited products should be checked with your doctor. Only he is able to compose the right diet taking into account your state of health.